Method of forming flanged metal wheels.



v E. E. SLICK.

METHOD OF FORMING PLANGED METAL WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 6, 1909. I

965,039. E Patented July 19,1910.

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una n'on on roma ne FLANGED. METAL WHEELS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed NovemberG, 1909. Serial No.

Patented July 19, 1910.

Toall whom itma'y concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN E. SLICK, of the city of Pittsbur countyof Allegheny, and State of Pennsy Vania, have invented a new and useful Method of Forming Flanged Metal Wheels, of

being had to the accom anying drawings,

cat ion, in whichof an ingotcast Figure 1 is a plan View in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2

is a similar view showing the ingot of Fig. 1 as reduced in cross sectionin the first step of my improvedmethod. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the way in which the ingot of Figs. 1 and 2 is successively cut into wheel blanks in the next step of the method forming my invention. are sectional views showing one form of reciprocating forgin dies adapted to form the wheel blanks of ig. 2 into flanged car wheels in accordance with my invention. Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are sectional views showing one form of rotary forging dies, constructed and arranged to form wheels from the blanks of Fig. 3 in accordance with my improved method.

. and 1t more The dies illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are adapted for use with any of the well known types of reciprocating forging presses, and the dies of Figs. 9,10 and 11 are adapted for use in connection with wheel forming. apparatus constructed as shown in my Patent No. 915,232 for method of and apparatus for forging metal, dated March 16, 1909, or my co-pending application for manufacture of wheels, Serial N 0. 380,678, filed June 25, 1907.

This invention relates to the manufacture of forgedmetal wheels having hub and rim portions joined by a continuous web portion formed integral and having a web, a hub and a flanged tread or rim portion.

The object of the invention is to provide which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference Figs. 4, 5,-6, 7 and 8 particularly relates to wheelse peripheryof A further object of the invention is to prov1de animproved method of making Wheels n which the fiber of the metal of the wheel is dlsposedin the same direction relative to the axisof the wheel as the fiber is dis osed 1n the ingot relative to the longitudina axis of the ingot. t

A still further object of the invention is to provide an im roved method of forming wheels in which the number of necessary 0 erations is reduced and the expense of ma ing the wheels is materially lessened and by which wheels of an improved and superior'quality are obtained.

The invention consists in an improved method of making wheels,

comprising castcast blank transversely into wheel blanks and the succeeding forging operations by a series of novel steps by which whe'elsare produced in which the grain or fiber of the metal does not extend across the diameter of the wheels no'r in a direction parallel with the axis of the cast blank but in the hub, web and flanged portions is caused to extend in the same general direction axially outward at all points of the said portions.

The invention also consists in forming a metal blank with its axial central portion formed from the axial central portion of the cast blank and then displacing metal from the cut face of the blank intermediate of the hub and peripheryof the blank into the flange of the wheel.

The invention further. consists in making ing a multiple length blank, severing the forged metal wheels having a tread port-ion Whose outer side or edge portion is formed of metal displaced from the periphery or marginal edge of the cast blank or ingot.

The invention still further consists in severing a blank transversely into wheel blanks andforging the severed blanks into wheels in such manner that the wearing surfaces of thetread and flange portion of the finished wheels are formed from the cut surfaces of the severed blanks.

In the drawings, 2 represents a multiple length ingot or cast blank of circular or polygonal cross-section and 3 is the ingot after having been reduced transversely in area by rolling or forging. lhis reducing step is preferably employed, although it may be omitted within the scope of my broader claims and the single blanks may be formed by transversely severing the cast ingot. I

.. severed transversely by The ingot or multiple length blank is shearmg, sawmg, or in any other des red blanks 4 of'the desired weight and thickness, the cut blank preferab y bem made at least as thick as the thickness t rough the hub of the finished wheel. The out wheel blanks are re-heated and are then forged into finished wheels by means of suitale forming dies, either reciprocating dies. as shown in Figs. 4 to 8 rotary forging dies, or rocking orging dies similar to those shown in Figs. 9 to 11,.having their axes at an angle to each other, being employed to carryout the forging operation.

In-carrying out the orging operation by means of the reciprocating dies shown in Figs. 4 to 8, the cut blank A is placed between the'diesfi and 6 of Fig. 4 in the position shown in full lines therein. The dies 5 and.6 are then caused to approach each other until the blank A is forged into the shape shown in. cross-section between the dies 5 and 6 in Fig. 5'. The partly formed blank A is then removed to a second set of 4 reciprocating forging dies 7 and 8, as shown Fig. 7. It will in Fig.6 and these dies are caused to approach each other until in the relative position shown in Fig. 7 so as to bend or dish the periphery of he blank A as is shown in cross-section between the dies 7 and 8 in be noted that in the forging o eration in the first set of dies 4 and 5 the b ank is decreased in thickness and is increased in diameter, a well defined hub portion being formed in this forging operation. In the second step of the forging operation, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the blank is curved or bent into the dishedfor'm shown and the peripheral surface of the blank A in Fig. 4 is displaced so as to form the outer edge of the'one side. of the dished blank shown in Fig. 7 The dished blank is then removed to a third set of reciprocating dies 9 and 10 where it is further reduced and in which the flange and tread portions are further developed and the blank is finished to size as shown in Fig. 8. In the dies 9 and 10, the forging of the flange is completed and the flange is forme of metal dis laced from between the marginal edge 0 the blank and its axial center, with the wearin surfaces of the flange and tread portions ormed of metal originally in the cut face of the blank A" between its axial center and periphery.

In carrying out my improved "method of forging the blanks by means of rotary or rocking dies having their axes at an angle to each other as shown in Figs.9, 10 and 11, the blank A (shown in full lines is placed between the dies 11 and 12 and t e d1es are caused to ap roach each other while rotating so as to orm the metal into the sha e shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9. The part y manner mto wheel ing for ..severing the in ct I see he.

' formed blank is preferably then removed to a-seeond set of rotary forging dies 13 and 14 in which the blank is further reduced, the flange further developed and the wheel is forged from the shaple shown in section in Fig. 10 into the finis ed shape as shown in Fig;l 11.

forging the blanks by means of the rotary or rocking dies having their axes at an an le to each other, the metal is displaced in a similar manner to that in the reciprocatdies and the entire wearing surface 0 t e flange and tread portions is formed of'metal originally in the cut face of the severed blank while the flange is entirely formed of metal displaced from between the axial center and the periphery of the blank,

the flow of the metal in t e periphery of the blank being indicated by the arrows.

While I have shown two sets of reci rocatin dies and two sets of rotary or roc g dies aving their axes at an an le to each other in carrying out the ste s o forming a wheel, the number of sets 0 dies used may be increased or decreased, depending 'upon the amount of work necessary to reduce the blank to the finished article.

The advantages of my invention will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. By my improved method of forming the ingot,

into blanks and finall forging the bla into wheels, as describe I am enabled to produce forged metal wheels having a fiber structure in whichthe grain orv fiber does notcross the peripher of the finished wheel at any oint and m which the minor fiber of the ished wheel extends in the same direction relative to its axis at all points on its'periphery.

The forging of wheels by my im roved method enables the forming of whee s having integral flange and tread portions in which the wearing surfaces of the flange and tread are formed from the cut surface of the blanks, the flange and tread portions of metal located between the center and periphery of the blank in the sheared or cut surface of the severed blanks and in which the metal in the periphery of the cut blanks is displaced to the annular outer edge of the tread portion of the wheel.

The wheel blanks ma be punched either at the beginning of the orging operation or after the forasng operation has been completed or the lank may be punched during an intermediate stage ofthe for 'ng operationor simultaneously with the orging operation as is desired.

Modifications in the arrangement and construction of the dies may be made without departing from my invention. The ingot may be cast with a cylindrical or pol gonal.

cross-section and may be of any esired leng th. The cross sectional area of the ingot ing operation; the manner in which the ingot is reduced in cross-sectional area and is severed into blanks may be changed; the number of forging steps carried out in forming the wheels may be varied; the weight g and thickness of the lanks may be increased or decreased, and other changes may be made within the scope of the clalms.

I claim.

1. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, severing transversely therefrom a blank having its axis extending in the same direction relative to the metal of the blank as the axis of the ingot extends relative to the same metal, and then forcin metal intermediate the periphery and axia center outwardly to form the flange portion of the wheel; substantially as described.

2. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, severin transversely therefrom a blank having its axis extendin in the same direction relative to the meta of the blank as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same metal, and

then forcin metal intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly to form the rim portion of the wheel; substantially as described.

3. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, severing trans- -versely therefrom a blank having its axis extending in the same direction relative to the metal of the blank as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same metal, and then forcing -metal intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly to form the tread 'of the wheel; substantially as described.

4. The method of forming car wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, severing transversely therefrom a blank having its axis extending in the same direction relative to the metal of the blank as the axis of the ingdt extended relative to the same metal, and then displacing metal intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly to form the flan e and tread of the wheel; substantially as described.

5.. The method of forming wheels consisting in taking an ingot, reducing its crosssectional area, severln transversely therefrom a blank having its axis extending in the same direction relative to the metal of the blank as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same metal, and then forcing metal located intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly into the rim portion of the wheel and forming the wearing surface of the rim portion of the wheel of metal in the cut surface of the blank; substantially as described.

6. The method of forming wheels, consisting' in takin an ingot severing transversely therefrom a lank having its axis extendin r in the same direction relative to the metal the blank as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same metal, and then forcing metal intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly in the rim ortion of the wheel and forming the erlphery of the wheel of metal in the cut ace of the severed blank; substantially as described.

7. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, reducing its cross-sectional area, severing transversely therefrom a blank havin its axis extending in the same direction re ative to the metal of the blank as the axis of thein 'ot extended relative to the same metal, and then forcing metal intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly into the flange of the wheel and iormin the wearing surface of the wheel flan e o of the sev are scribed.

8. The method of forming wheels, consisting in takin an ingot, severing transversely blank; substantially as detherefrom a lank having its axis extending metal intermediate the periphery and axial center outwardly into the flange of the Wheel and forming the wearing surfaces of the flan e and tread portions of the wheel of metal is laced from the cut face of the severed b ank; substantially as described.

9. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, severing transversely therefrom a blank, forging the blank into a wheel and displacing metal to form the wearing surfaces of the flange and tread ortions of the wheel from metal in the cut ace ofthe severed blank; substantially as described.

10. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, reducing the cross sectional area of the lngot, severing trans-- versely therefrom a blank having its axis extendin in the same direction relative to the meta of the blank as the axis of the ingot extending relative to the same metal, and then forcing metal intermediate its periphery and axial center outwardly to form the flange portion of the wheel; substantially as described.

11. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, reducing the cross sectional area of the ingot, severln transversely therefrom a blank having its axis extendin in the same direction relative to the metal of the blank as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same metal, and then forcing m'etal intermediate its periphery and axial center outwardly to form the rim portion of the wheel; substantially as described.

12. The method of forming wheels, consisting in taking an in 0t, reducing the cross sectional area of t e ingot, severing metal from the cut face transversely therefrom a blank having its .axis extending in the same direction relative to themetal of the blank as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same metal, and then forcing metal intermediate its periphery and axial center outwardly to transversel ax1s exten mg in the same direction relaform the tread ofthe wheel; substantially as described.

13. The method of forming car wheels, consisting in taking an ingot, reducing the cross sectional area of the in ot, severing therefrom a blan having its tive to the metal of the blank .as the axis of the ingot extended relative to the same 15 metal, and then displacin metal intermediate its periphery and axial center outwardly to form the flan e and tread of the wheel; substantially as escribeli.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set 20 iny hand. W Y

EDWIN E. SLICK:

' Witnesses:

R. D.. LITTLE,

H. M. Conwm. 

